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| Franco,Coaraci M.. |
| The coffee plant does not thrive well under shade in most of the coffee areas of the State of São Paulo, Brazil. It has been shown that water competition from the shade trees during the dry season is the factor responsible for the failure in growing coffee under shade in São Paulo. In all cases where the coffee plants were not thriving well under shade, the soil moisture after two to three months of drought was at the wilting point at the depths most utilised by the root systems of shade trees and coffee plants. In open plantations this was never observed. All commercial coffee plantations of Central America are shaded. Most of them are located in areas with a dry season as long as in São Paulo and some times even longer. A comparative study of the... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| Ano: 1951 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87051951000200002 |
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| Germek,Emílio B.; Inforzato,Romeu; Franco,Coaraci M.. |
| The development of the root system on five varieties of rice grown under upland conditions, has been studied. It has been found, with the rice varieties used and under the conditions tested, that 66 percent of the roots occured within 5 centimeters and 95 percent within 15 centimeters of the surface of the ground. A few roots were found to reach a depth of 1 meter, and occasionally to a depth of 1.35 meter. The Iguape-catete variety of rice showed a tendency to develop a somewhat deeper root system than the other varieties studied. Recognition of the fact that development of the roots of the rice plant is largely within the plowed layer of soil, suggests that deep plowing prior to planting with frequent and shallow cultivation following planting, to... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| Ano: 1950 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87051950000300003 |
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| Franco,Coaraci M.; Inforzato,Romeu. |
| A new method for the study of the root system of the coffee plant Coffea arabica L. is described. The method consists in excavating a ditch along a row of four plants, 15 cm apart from the trunks. Blocks of soil 30 cm square and varying thickness, depending on the depth from which they were taken, were removed so as to include a complete cross section of the root system. The first three layers were 10 cm thick; the next two layers, 20 cm; the remaining layers (variable in number), 30 cm thick. The roots from each block were washed, air dried and weighed. The data obtained were used to draw the excavation maps as represented in graphics, I, IV, VII, X and XIII. On theses maps each dot represents 0.1 g of roots. A formula is given to estimate the weight of... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| Ano: 1946 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87051946000900001 |
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| Franco,Coaraci M.; Inforzato,Romeu. |
| In determinations made with a porometer it was verified that the stomatal opening of coffee leaves increases in size immediately after the leaves are detached from the plant (fig. 1). This fact indicates that the method of rapid weighings of detached leaves is not suitable for studies on the transpiration of the coffee plant. The transpiration of coffee plants has been determined by the weighing potted plant method. Pots with a capacity for 51 liters were used. They were made of galvanized iron plate and had no drainage hole. When the moisture content of the soil approached the wilting point water was added to bring all the soil mass to fiel capacity. In order to avoid oxygen depletion the pots were not sealed. To decrease the direct evaporation at the... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| Ano: 1950 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87051950000900001 |
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| Franco,Coaraci M.; Inforzato,Romeu. |
| The present paper discusses the amount of water lost by the soil through the transpiration of coffee plants and shade trees in shaded coffee plantation. All methods and techniques employed in the study of transpiration of the shade tree Inga edulis Mart, were exactly the same as those described in a paper recently published (4). It was determined previously (3) that a shaded coffee plant receiving 55% of full sunlight transpired 80% as much as when in 100% full sunlight. The amount of water transpired by a coffee plant was calculated by taking 80% of the amount transpired in unshaded plantation (4). Comparing the water lost by transpiration of shaded coffee plants and shade trees with the average rainfall in Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil, it is seen that... |
| Tipo: Info:eu-repo/semantics/article |
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| Ano: 1951 |
URL: http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0006-87051951000200003 |
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